[ ok ] Setting up ALSA...warning: 'alsactl restore' failed with error message 'alsactl: load_state:1686: No soundcards found...'...done.

# Edit configuration file read by the early-stage boot firmware
sudo vi /boot/config.txt

# Add entry and save
dtparam=audio=on

# Reboot
sudo reboot

FAT-fs (/dev/sda1): Volume was not properly unmounted. Some data may be corrupt. Please run fsck.

# Install utility for making and checking MS-DOS FAT filesystems.
sudo apt-get install dosfstools

# Execute the following
sudo fsck.vfat -v -a -w /dev/sda1

dosfsck 3.0.13 (30 Jun 2012)
dosfsck 3.0.13, 30 Jun 2012, FAT32, LFN
Checking we can access the last sector of the filesystem
0x41: Dirty bit is set. Fs was not properly unmounted and some data may be corrupt.
 Automaticaly removing dirty bit.
There are differences between boot sector and its backup.
Differences: (offset:original/backup)
  71:53/2d, 72:50/33, 73:49/32, 74:4b/47, 75:45/42, 76:53/20, 77:2d/20
  , 78:33/20, 79:32/20, 80:47/20, 81:42/20
  Not automatically fixing this.
Boot sector contents:
System ID "BSD  4.4"
Media byte 0xf8 (hard disk)
       512 bytes per logical sector
     16384 bytes per cluster
        32 reserved sectors
First FAT starts at byte 16384 (sector 32)
         2 FATs, 32 bit entries
   7590400 bytes per FAT (= 14825 sectors)
Root directory start at cluster 2 (arbitrary size)
Data area starts at byte 15197184 (sector 29682)
   1897568 data clusters (31089754112 bytes)
32 sectors/track, 255 heads
         2 hidden sectors
  60751870 sectors total
/SHARES/02-20170802072122.avi
  File size is 1293488 bytes, cluster chain length is 655360 bytes.
  Truncating file to 655360 bytes.
Reclaiming unconnected clusters.
Checking free cluster summary.
Free cluster summary wrong (1888494 vs. really 1888533)
  Auto-correcting.
Performing changes.
/dev/sda1: 137 files, 9035/1897568 clusters

Install Kodi (Official Repository) on Raspberry Pi 3

After Raspbian Installation.

#Update Debian
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

# Setup Wireless
# Edit Network interfaces
sudo vi /etc/network/interfaces

#add the following to the end of the interfaces file
auto wlan0
iface default inet dhcp

#Modify the following from the interfaces file
iface wlan0 inet dhcp 

# Edit wireless configuration
sudo vi /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

# Add the following:

network={
ssid="xxxx"
psk="xxxx"
}

# Install Kodi
sudo apt-get install kodi

# Allow Keyboard/Mouse from Kodi
sudo usermod -a -G input kodi

# Enable Kodi during startup
sudo vi /etc/default/kodi

# Edit the following config to enable Kodi during startup
# Set this to 1 to enable startup
ENABLED=1

#if you plan using more than 2TB external usb for your media, install NTFS-3G driver
sudo apt-get install ntfs-3g

# List UUIDs of connected drives
$ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Oct  5 06:48 3698ef8e-f24cf61dfg1e -> ../../mmcblk0p2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct  5 06:48 55D8D96AD8D94ABC -> ../../sda1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Oct  5 06:48 70D7-EA1E -> ../../mmcblk0p1

# take note of the UUID (highlighted) and types of files supported
$sudo blkid
/dev/mmcblk0: PTUUID="3386e05a" PTTYPE="dos"
/dev/mmcblk0p1: SEC_TYPE="msdos" LABEL="boot" UUID="70D7-EA1E" TYPE="vfat" PARTUUID="3487e05a-01"
/dev/mmcblk0p2: UUID="3698ef8e-f24cf61dfg1e" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="3487e05a-02"
/dev/sda1: LABEL="spikes-3tb-movies" UUID="55D8D96AD8D94ABC" TYPE="ntfs"

# Create a mount folder
$sudo mkdir /media/spikes-3tb-movies

# Backup file system table file
$sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak

# Edit file system table file
$sudo vi /etc/fstab
# Add the following to the file system table entries (replace those highlighted)
UUID=55D8D96AD8D94ABC /media/spikes-3tb-movies ntfs nofail,noatime,auto,users,rw,uid=1000,gid=100,umask=0002 0 0

Step by Step Raspbian Installation on Raspberry Pi 2 using OS X Yosemite

Step by Step Raspbian (2015-05-05 Debian Wheezy) Installation on Raspberry Pi 2 Model B using OS X Yosemite


Download Raspbian
Download Raspbian image from Raspberry.org Downloads page

Verify downloaded Raspbian Image
Verify checksum of downloaded Raspbian image, it should match the SHA-1 from rasberrypi.org website. Open Terminal and execute openssl sha1 [path to image] command.

$ openssl sha1 2015-05-05-raspbian-wheezy.zip

SHA1(2015-05-05-raspbian-wheezy.zip)= cb799af077930ff7cbcfaa251b4c6e25b11483de



Extract image from the Raspbian ZIP file
Open Terminal, extract Raspbian image via unzip command

$ unzip 2015-05-05-raspbian-wheezy.zip
Archive:  2015-05-05-raspbian-wheezy.zip   
  inflating: 2015-05-05-raspbian-wheezy.img



Format microSD Card
1. Insert the MicroSD card into Standard SD Card adapter

2. Insert the SD Card into the SD Card Slot of your OS X Machine. SD Card will be mounted automatically.

3. Open Disk Utility, select the SD Card from the listed drives and click the Erase tab.  Define a name for the partition in the Name field. Erase SD Card using MS-DOS (FAT) Format by clicking the Erase.. button.

Determine the BSD Name

Option 1 via Disk Utility. After erasing/formatting the SD Card, select the newly formatted/erased partition and click First Aid tab. Make sure the Show details is checked and then click Verify Disk button. Take note of the lines of text that appear and look for something like /dev/diskxx. Taken from the example below its ** /dev/rdisk2s1 .

Option 2 via Command line. Open Terminal, issue "df -h" command from the console. Take note of the SD device highlighted below e.g. /dev/disk2s1
 
$ df -h
 
Filesystem      Size   Used  Avail Capacity   iused    ifree %iused  Mounted on
/dev/disk1     465Gi  381Gi   83Gi    83% 100065414 21739407   82%   /
devfs          186Ki  186Ki    0Bi   100%       644        0  100%   /dev
map -hosts       0Bi    0Bi    0Bi   100%         0        0  100%   /net
map auto_home    0Bi    0Bi    0Bi   100%         0        0  100%   /home
/dev/disk2s1    15Gi  2.3Mi   15Gi     1%         0        0  100%   /Volumes/UNTITLED


Using the device name of the partition determine the raw device name for the entire disk, by omitting the final "s1" and replacing "disk" with "rdisk" e.g. the BSD for the /dev/disk2s1 is /dev/rdisk2


Unmount the SD Card partition
Open Terminal, unmount the SD card partition (NOTE: do not Eject) using diskutil unmount command

$ sudo diskutil unmount /dev/disk2s1
Password:*
 
Volume UNTITLED on disk2s1 unmounted


Write Raspbian image to SD Card
Open Terminal, issue the dd command to convert and copy image to raw device. Take note of the correct raw disk device name e.g /dev/disk2s1 => /dev/rdisk2, /dev/disk3s1 => /dev/rdisk3..

$ sudo dd bs=1m if=2015-05-05-raspbian-wheezy.img of=/dev/rdisk2
Password:
 
3125+0 records in
3125+0 records out
3276800000 bytes transferred in 252.814853 secs (12961264 bytes/sec)



Eject SD Card
After the dd command finishes, eject the SD Card

$ sudo diskutil eject /dev/disk2
Password:
 
Disk /dev/disk2 ejected


Install Raspbian
Insert SD card into Raspberry Pi, plug-in device and follow installation instructions.

Raspberry Pi Auto reconnect Wi-fi

# create script
sudo vi /opt/wifiReconnect.sh

#!/bin/bash

   if /sbin/ifconfig wlan0 | grep -q "inet addr:" ; then
    exit 0
   else
      logger -t $0 "Wifi connection down! Attempting reconnection.."
      /sbin/ifdown --force wlan0
      /sbin/ifup wlan0
   fi






# Make script executable
sudo chmod +x /opt/wifiReconnect.sh

# Add as cron and monitor every 5 mins
*/5 * * * * /opt/wifiReconnect.sh >> /var/log/syslog 2>&1

Optimizations Raspberry Pi

# Remove wolfram-engine (around 460MB space)
sudo apt-get remove wolfram-engine

# Disable Man indexing
sudo vi  /etc/cron.weekly/man-db
exit 0 # add this in first line

sudo vi  /etc/cron.daily/man-db
exit 0 # add this in first line

# Remove temporary hw-clock
sudo vi /etc/cron.hourly/fake-hwclock
exit 0 # add this in first line

# Add tmpfs in fstab
tmpfs    /var/tmp    tmpfs    defaults,noatime,nosuid,size=30m    0 0
tmpfs    /var/log    tmpfs    defaults,noatime,nosuid,mode=0755,size=50m    0 0
tmpfs    /var/run    tmpfs    defaults,noatime,nosuid,mode=0755,size=2m    0 0
tmpfs    /var/lib/sudo    tmpfs    defaults,noatime,nosuid,mode=0755,size=2m    0 0
tmpfs    /var/spool/mqueue    tmpfs    defaults,noatime,nosuid,mode=0700,gid=12,size=30m    0 0
tmpfs    /tmp    tmpfs    defaults,noatime,nosuid,mode=1777,size=30m    0 0
# for motion capture (optional)
tmpfs  /mnt/motion_tmpfs  tmpfs   defaults,noatime,size=120M,mode=0777 0 0 

# Combine /tmp and /var/tmp

cd /var
sudo rmdir tmp
sudo ln -s /tmp .

Raspberry Pi Camera Module Error mmal: mmal_vc_component_create: failed to create component 'vc.ril.camera' (1:ENOMEM)

# raspistill -v

raspistill Camera App v1.3.8

Width 2592, Height 1944, quality 85, filename (null)
Time delay 5000, Raw no
Thumbnail enabled Yes, width 64, height 48, quality 35
Link to latest frame enabled  no
Full resolution preview No
Capture method : Single capture

Preview Yes, Full screen Yes
Preview window 0,0,1024,768
Opacity 255
Sharpness 0, Contrast 0, Brightness 50
Saturation 0, ISO 0, Video Stabilisation No, Exposure compensation 0
Exposure Mode 'auto', AWB Mode 'auto', Image Effect 'none'
Metering Mode 'average', Colour Effect Enabled No with U = 128, V = 128
Rotation 0, hflip No, vflip No
ROI x 0.000000, y 0.000000, w 1.000000 h 1.000000
mmal: mmal_vc_component_create: failed to create component 'vc.ril.camera' (1:ENOMEM)
mmal: mmal_component_create_core: could not create component 'vc.ril.camera' (1)
mmal: Failed to create camera component
mmal: main: Failed to create camera component
mmal: Camera is not detected. Please check carefully the camera module is installed correctly

# Option 1
# Make sure 15pin Flexi Flat Cable (FFC) is correctly plug into the CSI port of Raspberry
# Blue tape should be facing the USB/Ethernet Ports
# Silver-side of the tape should be facing the HDMI port (or away from from the USB/Ethernet Ports)

# Option 2
# Try re seat the micro-connector from the camera module (the yellow cable connector with label P5V04A SUNNY) to the camera board PCB by pressing it against the board.

# raspistill -v

raspistill Camera App v1.3.8

Width 2592, Height 1944, quality 85, filename (null)
Time delay 5000, Raw no
Thumbnail enabled Yes, width 64, height 48, quality 35
Link to latest frame enabled  no
Full resolution preview No
Capture method : Single capture

Preview Yes, Full screen Yes
Preview window 0,0,1024,768
Opacity 255
Sharpness 0, Contrast 0, Brightness 50
Saturation 0, ISO 0, Video Stabilisation No, Exposure compensation 0
Exposure Mode 'auto', AWB Mode 'auto', Image Effect 'none'
Metering Mode 'average', Colour Effect Enabled No with U = 128, V = 128
Rotation 0, hflip No, vflip No
ROI x 0.000000, y 0.000000, w 1.000000 h 1.000000
Camera component done
Encoder component done
Starting component connection stage
Connecting camera preview port to video render.
Connecting camera stills port to encoder input port
Closing down
Close down completed, all components disconnected, disabled and destroyed

Setup Raspberry Pi Camera Module as Motion camera

# Install Motion

sudo apt-get install motion

# Install video libraries and codec  (usually libjpeg62 will fetch dependent drivers)

sudo apt-get install libjpeg62

# Install custom motion-mmal driver. Get latest motion-mmal driver

cd /tmp

wget https://www.dropbox.com/s/jw5r1wss32tdibb/motion-mmal-opt.tar.gz

tar zxvf motion-mmal.tar.gz 

cd motion-mmal 

sudo cp /usr/bin/motion /usr/bin/motion.orig

sudo mv motion /usr/bin/motion
sudo mv motion-mmalcam.conf /etc/motion.conf 

 # Set permissions
sudo chmod 664 /etc/motion.conf 
sudo chmod 755 /usr/bin/motion 
sudo touch /tmp/motion.log 
sudo chmod 775 /tmp/motion.log
sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/motion-mmal/data 
sudo chgrp -R motion /usr/local/motion-mmal 
sudo chmod -R g+w /usr/local/motion-mmal/

# Edit /etc/default/motion

start_motion_daemon=yes

# Edit /etc/motion.conf

daemon on

logfile /tmp/motion.log

# Edit /etc/motion.conf according to your preference

# Ensure compatibility with Windows Media Player / VLC

ffmpeg_video_codec msmpeg4   

max_movie_time 180    #3 mins

movie_filename %d-%m-%Y-%H-%M

width 640

height 480

target_dir /home/pi/m-video

output_pictures off

text_left Pi %t

stream_maxrate 100

framerate 100

# Capture 2 frames before/after motion detection 

pre_capture 2

post_capture 2 

# Date formats 

text_right %d-%m-%Y\n%T-%q

text_event %d%m%Y%H%M%S

snapshot_filename %v-%d%m%Y%H%M%S-snapshot

picture_filename %v-%d%m%Y%H%M%S-%q

movie_filename %v-%d%m%Y%H%M%S

# Allow view stream from other machine

stream_locahost off 

# Start motion

sudo service motion start

# Example commands

for effect in none negative solarise sketch denoise emboss oilpaint hatch gpen pastel watercolour film blur saturation colourswap washedout posterise colourpoint colourbalance cartoon
    do
        echo $effect
        raspivid -d -ifx$effect
    done

# Testing camera

#!/usr/bin/env python

importtime

importRPi.GPIO as GPIO

GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)

# Set GPIO for camera LED

# Use 5 for Model A/B and 32 for Model B+

CAMLED =5

# Set GPIO to output

GPIO.setup(CAMLED, GPIO.OUT, initial=False)

# Five iterations with half a second

# between on and off

for i in range(5):

    GPIO.output(CAMLED,True)   # On

    time.sleep(0.5)

    GPIO.output(CAMLED,False)  # Off

    time.sleep(0.5)

# STORE IMAGES/VIDEOS ON A SEPARATE DRIVE e.g. USB Drive
# Create folder for temporary storage of motion files

sudo mkdir /mnt/motion_tmpfs 

# Install NTFS driver, if external drive is NTFS-formatted (optional) 

sudo apt-get install ntfs-3g

# Create folder for USB Drive 

sudo mkdir /media/USBFlash1

sudo mkdir /media/USBFlash1/shares 

# Install samba for windows file sharing (optional)
sudo apt-get install samba samba-common-bin

# Configure samba edit /etc/samba/smb.conf 

sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf.orig 

sudo vi /etc/samba/smb.conf

security = user # uncomment this line

# Add this to smb.conf 

[motion]
comment = Backup Folder
path = /media/USBFlash1/shares
valid users = @users
force group = users
create mask = 0660
directory mask = 0771
read only = no

# Add permissions

sudo useradd backups -m -G users

sudo passwd backups

sudo smbpasswd -a backups

# Add to /etc/fstab (if /dev/sda1 is the drive), estimate 10MB per 3 seconds of video

tmpfs  /mnt/motion_tmpfs  tmpfs   defaults,nosuid,size=80M,mode=0777 0 0 

/dev/sda1 /media/USBFlash1 auto user,umask=0000 0 0

# Create copy script from temporary folder to usb drive for files older than 5.05 mins

sudo nano /opt/tmpfsToUSBFlash.sh 

#! /bin/sh

while :
do
        find /mnt/motion_tmpfs -type f -mmin +5.05 -exec mv "{}" /media/USBFlash1/ \;
        sleep 2
done 

# Create boot scripts 

sudo nano /etc/init.d/tmpfsToUSBFlash 

 #! /bin/sh
# /etc/init.d/tmpfsToUSBFlash

### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          Copies images from the motion tmpfs to a USB Drive
# Required-Start:    $remote_fs $syslog
# Required-Stop:     $remote_fs $syslog
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: Simple script to start a program at boot
# Description:       Copies images from the motion tmpfs to a USB Drive
### END INIT INFO

# Carry out specific functions when asked to by the system
case "$1" in
  start)
    echo "Starting copy tmpfs to USB Drive"
    sh /opt/tmpfsToUSBFlash.sh 2>&1 &;
    ;;
  stop)
    echo "Stopping copy tmpfs to serv"
    tmpfsPID=`ps auxwww | grep tmpfsToUSBFlash.sh | head -1 | awk '{print $2}'`
    kill -9 $tmpfsPID
    ;;
  *)
    echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/tmpfsToUSBFlash {start|stop}"
    exit 1
    ;;
esac

exit 0 

# Make it executable 

sudo chmod 755 /etc/init.d/tmpfsToUSBFlash 

# Update rc scripts 

sudo update-rc.d tmpfsToUSBFlash defaults 

# edit /etc/motion.conf 

# change target_dir to point to temporary folder

target_dir /mnt/motion_tmpfs

#CLEANUP MEDIA DRIVE, daily (optional)
find /media/USBFlash1/shares/* -mtime +1 -exec rm -f {} \;

Setup WaveShare SpotPear 3.2" TFT LCD on Raspberry Pi 2

Setup WaveShare SpotPear display on Raspberry Pi 2 

Components used for this setup:

1. Raspberry Pi 2 Model B

2.Raspbian

3. WaveShare SpotPear 3.2" TFT LCD

4. Edimax EW-7811Un 802.11b/g/n USB WiFi adapter



# Install Raspbian

# Change /dev/fb0 to /dev/fb1 in  /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/99-fbturbo.conf
Option “fbdev” “/dev/fb1″

# Update firmware from Notro
sudo REPO_URI=https://github.com/notro/rpi-firmware rpi-update
sudo reboot

# Enable SPI via raspi-config
sudo raspi-config
"Advanced Options" ->  "SPI ENABLE/DISABLE AUTOMATIC LOADING"

# Add the following to  /etc/modules  (next line after snd-bcm2835)

spi-bcm2708
ads7846

fbtft_device name=waveshare32b gpios=dc:22,reset:27 speed=48000000

fb_ili9340 width=320 height=240 buswidth=8 init=-1,0xCB,0x39,0x2C,0x00,0x34,0x02,-1,0xCF,0x00,0XC1,0X30,-1,0xE8,0x85,0x00,0x78,-1,0xEA,0x00,0x00,-1,0xED,0x64,0x03,0X12,0X81,-1,0xF7,0x20,-1,0xC0,0x23,-1,0xC1,0x10,-1,0xC5,0x3e,0x28,-1,0xC7,0x86,-1,0x36,0x28,-1,0x3A,0x55,-1,0xB1,0x00,0x18,-1,0xB6,0x08,0x82,0x27,-1,0xF2,0x00,-1,0x26,0x01,-1,0xE0,0x0F,0x31,0x2B,0x0C,0x0E,0x08,0x4E,0xF1,0x37,0x07,0x10,0x03,0x0E,0x09,0x00,-1,0XE1,0x00,0x0E,0x14,0x03,0x11,0x07,0x31,0xC1,0x48,0x08,0x0F,0x0C,0x31,0x36,0x0F,-1,0x11,-2,120,-1,0x29,-1,0x2c,-3


# Add the following in  /boot/cmdline.txt (append right after the rootwait )

fbtft_device.custom fbtft_device.name=waveshare32b fbtft_device.gpios=dc:22,reset:27 fbtft_device.bgr=1 fbtft_device.speed=48000000 fbcon=map:10 fbcon=font:ProFont6x11 logo.nologo dma.dmachans=0x7f35 console=tty1 consoleblank=0 fbtft_device.fps=50 fbtft_device.rotate=0

# Reboot
sudo reboot

# Activate Touch Screen via /boot/config.txt (insert before the end of file)
dtoverlay=ads7846,speed=500000,penirq=17

# (optional) Calibrate
sudo apt-get install xinput evtest libts-bin
sudo TSLIB_TSDEVICE=/dev/input/event0 TSLIB_FBDEVICE=/dev/fb1 ts_calibrate

# Reboot
sudo reboot

# Updating packages exceptbootlooder
sudo apt-mark hold raspberrypi-bootloader
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

# Updating bootloader independently
sudo apt-get install rpi-update
sudo SKIP_KERNEL=1 rpi-update

# In cases custom driver was overwritten, restore update
sudo REPO_URI=https://github.com/notro/rpi-firmware BRANCH=builtin rpi-update
sudo reboot

Setup Wifi of Raspberry Pi via Command Line

# Include or update /etc/network/interfaces (usually those in bold below are to be included or updated in this file

auto wlan0

allow-hotplug wlan0
iface wlan0 inet dhcp
wpa-conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
iface default inet dhcp

# Backup Wifi config

sudo cp /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf.orig

# Include in the /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf  

network={
   ssid="YOUR_NETWORK_NAME"
   psk="YOUR_NETWORK_PASSWORD"

}